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河北造纸厂***聚丙烯酰胺pam 聚合氯化铝厂家报价 选矿污泥沉淀剂选择阳离子聚丙烯酰胺
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造纸厂 黄纸白纸 卫生纸 污水处理选用聚丙烯酰胺阳离子pam报价多少钱
絮凝的定义和絮凝剂的分类
絮凝是聚合物的高分子链在悬浮的颗粒与颗粒之间发生架桥的过程。“架桥”就是聚合物分子上不同链段吸附在不同颗粒上，促进颗粒与颗粒聚集。絮凝剂多数为聚合物，并有特定的电性（离子性）和电荷密度（离子度）。絮凝剂一般分为有机絮凝剂与无机絮凝剂。
无机絮凝剂有硫酸亚铁、氯化亚铁、明矾、聚合氯化铝、碱式氯化铝、、硫酸铝、氯化钙等；有机絮凝无主要是高分子絮凝剂，目前使用的比较多的是聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺 聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、聚氧化乙烯等。
无机絮凝剂有硫酸亚铁、氯化亚铁、明矾、聚合氯化铝、碱式氯化铝、、硫酸铝、氯化钙等；有机絮凝无主要是高分子絮凝剂，目前使用的比较多的是聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺 聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、聚氧化乙烯等。
二、 混凝的原理混凝剂的类别
水中悬浮的颗粒在粒径小到一定程度时，其布朗运动的能量足以阻止重力的作用，而使颗粒不发生沉降。这种悬浮液可以长时间保持稳定状态。而且，悬浮颗粒表面往往带电（常常是负电），颗粒间同种电荷的斥力使颗粒不易合并变大，从而增加了悬浮液的稳定性。 混凝过程就是加入带正电的混凝剂去中和颗粒表面的负电，使颗粒“脱稳”。于是，颗粒间通过碰撞、表面吸附、范德华引力等作用，互相结合变大，以利于从水中分离。混凝剂是分子量低而阳电荷密度高的水溶性聚合物，多数为液态。它们分为无机和有机两大类。无机混凝剂主要是铝、铁盐及其聚合物。
三、助凝剂的作用机理和分类
助凝剂是为了改善或强化混凝过程而投加的一些辅助药剂，其作用原理与具体用途有关，对于藻类过量繁殖的情况，可加入氧化剂进行预氧化提高混凝效果，也可加入有机高分子助凝剂，增加絮体密度，提高混凝沉淀效果；对于低温低浊水处理，由于其黏度大，絮体沉降性能差，造成混凝剂投加量增大，此时加入有机或无机高分子助凝剂增大絮体尺寸、增加絮体密度，提高沉速；对于碱度较低的原水，混凝过程会导致pH下降，不但影响混凝效果，而且会产生酸性水，不利于管网水质稳定，因此需要投加碱进行pH调整；对于有机类色度水，不但混凝剂投加量升高，而且沉降性能恶化，可加入一定量有机高分子助凝剂提高沉降性能，也可加入一定量的氧化剂破坏有机物对胶体的稳定作用。对于含铁、锰废水，氧化剂可使铁和锰的有机物络合物破坏，有利水中铁、锰和有机物的去除。
助凝剂种类：⒈有机与无机高分子，如活化硅酸、聚丙烯酰胺、骨胶等。⒉pH调节剂如盐酸、硫酸和碱
石灰。⒊无机颗粒如黏土、微砂。⒋氧化剂如高锰酸钾、二氧化氯等
在实际运用中由于混凝剂/絮凝剂/助凝剂都是高分子物质，同一产品中大大小小的分子都有，所谓“分子量“只是一个平均概念。所以，在用某一混凝剂助凝剂或絮凝剂处理污水是，“电中和”和“架桥”作用会交织在一起同时发生。絮凝过程是多种因素综合作用的结果，目前仍有一些没有认清和解决的问题。
就我们所知，絮凝过程与絮凝剂分子结构、电荷密度、分子量有关；与悬浮颗粒表面性质、颗粒浓度、比表面积有关；与介质（水）的pH值、电导、水中其他物质的存在、水温、搅动情况等因素有关。因此尽管有理论和经验可循，用实验来选择絮凝剂仍然是不可缺少的The definition of flocculation and the classification of flocculants
Flocculation is the process of bridging the polymer chains between suspended particles and particles. "Bridging" means that different segments of polymer molecules adsorb on different particles to promote aggregation of particles and particles. Flocculants are mostly polymers, and have specific electrical (ionic) and charge density (ionic). Flocculants are generally divided into organic flocculants and inorganic flocculants.
Inorganic flocculants include ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, alum, polyaluminum chloride, alkaline aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium chloride and so on. Organic flocculation is not mainly polymer flocculant. At present, polyacrylate sodium, polystyrene polystyrene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene and so on are used.
Inorganic flocculants include ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, alum, polyaluminum chloride, alkaline aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium chloride and so on. Organic flocculation is not mainly polymer flocculant. At present, polyacrylate sodium, polystyrene polystyrene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene and so on are used.
Two. The classification of coagulants in the principle of coagulation
When the particle size is small to a certain extent, the energy of Brown motion in water is enough to prevent gravity from causing sedimentation. This suspension can remain stable for a long time. Moreover, the surface of the suspended particles is often charged (often negative). The repulsive force of the same charge between particles makes the particles not easy to merge and increase, thus increasing the stability of the suspension. The coagulation process involves adding positive coagulants to neutralize the negative electricity on the surface of the particles to destabilize the particles. As a result, the particles become larger and larger by collision, surface adsorption and Fan Dehua attraction to facilitate separation from water. Coagulant is a water-soluble polymer with low molecular weight and high cationic charge density, most of which are liquid. They are divided into two major categories, inorganic and organic. Inorganic coagulants are mainly aluminum, iron salts and their polymers.
Three. Action mechanism and classification of coagulant
Coagulant is a kind of auxiliary agent which is added to improve or strengthen the coagulation process. Its principle is related to specific use. For the condition of excessive reproduction of algae, it can be added to oxidize agent to improve coagulation effect, and also add organic polymer coagulant, increase the density of floc and improve coagulation sedimentation effect; In low temperature and low turbidity water treatment, because of its large viscosity and poor settling property of floc, the dosage of coagulant increases, adding organic or inorganic polymer coagulant to increase the size of floc, increase the density of floc and increase the settling speed; for the raw water with low alkalinity, the coagulation process will lead to pH decline, not only affecting the coagulation effect but also the coagulation process. And it will produce acid water, which is not conducive to the stable water quality of the pipe network, so it is necessary to add alkali to adjust the pH. For organic color water, not only the dosage of coagulant is increased, but also the sedimentation performance is deteriorated, and a certain amount of organic polymer coagulant can be added to improve the settling property, and a certain amount of oxidant can be added to destroy the organic matter to the colloid. The effect of
3、用于以江河水作水源的自来水的处理絮凝剂，用量少，效果好，成本低，特别是和无机絮凝剂复合使用效果更好，它将成为治长江、黄河及其它流域的自来水厂的高效絮凝剂。
4、造纸用增强剂及其它助剂。提高填料、颜料等存留率、纸张的强度。
5、用于油田经学助剂，如粘土防膨剂，油田酸化用稠化剂。
6、用于纺织上浆剂、浆液性能稳定、落浆少、织物断头率低、布面光洁。
聚丙烯酰胺以上的六类作用，使得其可以广泛应用，特别是对于生活污水的处理，另外在在采矿、洗煤领域以及医药工业中都有着很好的应用。
最近遇到很多客户反应 造纸厂用户 说药剂反应效果很明显 但是压泥太细 千里迢迢跑去看了只好 才发现客户的问题很简单 加药地方不对 只在气浮池里面加药 加了pac pam 然后到压滤机前 直接上压泥机 中间没有添加任何药剂 只是不对的 需要在亚你钱 在搅拌机里加入聚丙烯酰胺 聚丙烯酰胺的使用一定要溶剂透彻 不然溶剂不开 不均匀 是没有效果的 根本不是工艺问题 设备不需要改变 请客户不要着急 亲爱的客户朋友 不管你是多大的客户多小的客户 有问题 我们定当竭尽全力 为您解决 河南安家净 竭诚为您服务 15838356978
Types of coagulants: organic and inorganic polymers, such as activated silicic acid, polyacrylamide, bone glue, etc. PH regulator, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and alkali
Lime. Inorganic particles such as clay and micro sand. Oxidizing agents such as Potassium Permanganate, chlorine dioxide, etc.
In practical use, as coagulants / flocculants / coagulants are polymer materials, both large and small molecules in the same product have, the so-called "molecular weight" is just an average concept. Therefore, when using a coagulant, coagulant or flocculant to treat sewage, the function of "electricity neutralization" and "bridging" will intertwined together. Flocculation process is the result of many factors. There are still some problems that have not been recognized and solved.
As far as we know, the flocculation process is related to the molecular structure, charge density and molecular weight of the flocculant; it is related to the surface properties of the suspended particles, the concentration of particles, the specific surface area, the pH value of the medium (water), the conductivity, the existence of other substances in the water, the temperatu
re and agitation of the water. Therefore, despite the theory and experience, it is still necessary to select flocculants by experiments.
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